健康专家寻求识别和治疗肥胖症的新方法
📖 逐句对照翻译
A group of international experts is proposing a new way to define and identify obesity – a medical condition linked to having too much body fat.
一个国际专家小组提出了一种定义和识别肥胖症的新方法。肥胖症是一种与体内脂肪过多有关的医学状况。
The change aims to help doctors better identify and treat affected individuals.
这一变化旨在帮助医生更好地识别和治疗受影响的患者。
The new proposal shifts attention from a highly debated method called the body mass index (BMI).
这项新提案将人们的注意力从备受争议的身体质量指数（BMI）上转移开来。
BMI is a calculation of a person’s height and weight.
BMI是根据一个人的身高和体重计算得出的。
The change would mean BMI would no longer be the only way to define obesity.
这一变化意味着BMI将不再是定义肥胖的唯一方式。
The method would be expanded to include other measurements, such as waist size, and other evidence of health problems linked to being overweight.
该方法将扩展至包含其他测量指标，如腰围尺寸，以及与超重相关的健康问题的其他证据。
Obesity is estimated to affect more than 1 billion people worldwide.
据估计，全球有超过10亿人受到肥胖的影响。
In the U.S., about 40 percent of adults are considered obese, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says.
美国疾病控制与预防中心表示，在美国，约40%的成年人被认为患有肥胖症。
Dr. David Cummings of the University of Washington was one of 58 writers of a report calling for a new obesity definition.
华盛顿大学的戴维·卡明斯博士是呼吁重新定义肥胖的报告的58位作者之一。
The report recently appeared in the publication The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology.
该报告最近发表在《柳叶刀糖尿病与内分泌学》杂志上。
“The whole goal of this is to get a more precise definition so that we are targeting the people who actually need the help most,” Cummings told The Associated Press.
卡明斯告诉美联社：“这样做的总体目标是获得更精确的定义，以便我们能够针对最需要帮助的人群。”
The report introduces two new groups, called categories, to help doctors identify, or diagnose, obese individuals.
该报告引入了两个新的分组，称为类别，以帮助医生识别或诊断肥胖个体。
These are clinical obesity and pre-clinical obesity.
这些是临床肥胖和临床前肥胖。
People with clinical obesity meet BMI and other markers of obesity.
临床肥胖者需符合BMI及其他肥胖指标。
They also have evidence of organ, tissue or other problems caused by too much weight.
他们还有证据表明，过重导致了器官、组织或其他方面的问题。
Such evidence could include heart disease, high blood pressure, liver or kidney disease or ongoing knee or hip pain.
此类证据可能包括心脏病、高血压、肝病或肾病，或持续的膝盖或髋部疼痛。
People identified as having clinical obesity would be able to get treatments, including diet and exercise programs, as well as obesity medications.
被认定为临床肥胖症的人可以获得治疗，包括饮食和锻炼计划，以及肥胖症药物。
People with pre-clinical obesity are at risk for the same conditions, but they have no ongoing illness, the report states.
报告指出，临床前肥胖者面临相同病症的风险，但他们尚未患有持续性疾病。
BMI has long been considered a weak measure for obesity.
长期以来，BMI一直被认为是衡量肥胖的一个薄弱指标。
In some cases, it can incorrectly diagnose obesity, which is currently defined as a BMI of 30 or more.
在某些情况下，它可能会错误地诊断肥胖症，而肥胖症目前被定义为身体质量指数（BMI）达到30或以上。
But people with too much body fat do not always have a BMI above 30, the report notes.
但报告指出，体脂过多的人并不总是BMI超过30。
And people with a high level of muscle mass — such as American football players or other athletes — may have a high BMI even with normal fat mass.
而肌肉量高的人——比如美式橄榄球运动员或其他运动员——即使脂肪量正常，BMI也可能偏高。
Under the new definitions, about 20 percent of people who used to be identified as obese would no longer meet that definition, early data suggests.
早期数据表明，根据新的定义，原本被判定为肥胖的人群中，约有20%将不再符合这一定义。
And about 20 percent of people with serious health effects – but a lower BMI – would now be considered clinically obese.
大约20%有严重健康问题但BMI较低的人，现在会被视为临床肥胖。
Cummings said the new definition would not greatly change the percentage of people defined as having obesity.
卡明斯表示，新的定义不会大幅改变被定义为肥胖的人群比例。
But, he explained, the new categories “would better diagnose the people who really have clinically excess fat.”
但他解释说，新的分类“将能更好地诊断出那些确实存在临床脂肪过量的人”。
More than 75 medical organizations around the world have supported the new definitions.
全球已有超过75个医疗组织支持这些新定义。
But it is not clear how widely or quickly the definitions could be approved.
但目前尚不清楚这些定义能以多快速度或在多大范围内获得批准。
The report predicts such changes would carry big costs and have major effects on the workforce.
报告预测，此类变革将带来高昂成本，并对劳动力产生重大影响。
Dr. Katherine Saunders is an obesity expert at Weill Cornell Medicine in New York City.
凯瑟琳·桑德斯博士是纽约市威尔康奈尔医学院的肥胖症专家。
She also co-founded the obesity treatment company FlyteHealth.
她还共同创立了肥胖症治疗公司FlyteHealth。
She told the AP there are some practical issues to consider in order to make the proposed changes work effectively.
她告诉美联社，为了使拟议的改革有效实施，需要考虑一些实际问题。
Saunders noted that waist circumference sounds simple, but measurement methods differ.
桑德斯指出，腰围听起来简单，但测量方法却各不相同。
In addition, doctors are trained differently, and standard medical measuring devices are not big enough for many obese people.
此外，医生的培训方式各不相同，而且标准的医疗测量设备对许多肥胖者来说不够大。
Also, a decision about the difference between clinical and pre-clinical obesity would require a full health examination and lab tests, Saunders said.
桑德斯说，此外，要区分临床肥胖和临床前肥胖，需要进行全面的健康检查和实验室测试。
She added that for a new system to be widely accepted, “it would also need to be extremely quick, inexpensive, and reliable.
她补充说，一个新系统要想被广泛接受，“还必须极其快速、廉价且可靠。”
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The new definitions could also be difficult for people to understand or carry out, said Kate Bauer of the University of Michigan School of Public Health.
密歇根大学公共卫生学院的凯特·鲍尔表示，这些新定义也可能让人难以理解或执行。
“The public likes and needs simple messages. I don’t think this differentiation is going to change anything,” she said.
“公众喜欢并且需要简单的信息。我不认为这种区分会改变什么，”她说。
Dr. Robert Kushner, of the Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, said changing the definition of obesity will take some time.
西北大学范伯格医学院的罗伯特·库什纳博士表示，改变肥胖的定义需要一些时间。
Kushner, a co-writer of the report, said, “This is the first step in the process...I think it’s going to begin the conversation.”
报告合著者库什纳表示：“这是进程中的第一步……我认为这将开启对话。”
I’m John Russell.
我是约翰·拉塞尔。
Jonel Aleccia reported on this story for the Associated Press.
乔内尔·阿莱西亚为美联社报道了这一故事。
John Russell adapted it for VOA Learning English.
约翰·拉塞尔为VOA英语学习频道改编了它。
