技术提示：如何在手机上阻止位置跟踪
📖 逐句对照翻译
Smartphones have become valuable tools for helping to organize our lives.
智能手机已成为帮助我们安排生活的宝贵工具。
However, the devices can also capture personal data and location information that users might want to keep private.
然而，这些设备也可能捕获用户希望保密的个人数据和位置信息。
Here are some tips, suggested by the Associated Press (AP), to help smartphone users limit the collection of private data on personal devices.
以下是一些由美联社（AP）提供的建议，旨在帮助智能手机用户限制个人设备上私人数据的收集。
How does a smartphone track your location?
智能手机是如何追踪你的位置的？
All a user has to do is open a phone’s map tool to search for a restaurant or other business to activate data tracking.
用户只需打开手机的地图工具，搜索餐厅或其他商家，就能激活数据追踪。
Similarly, someone choosing to look up the price of a product online can unknowingly permit the smartphone to track the user’s location and share data with others.
同样地，选择在线查询产品价格的人可能在不知不觉中允许智能手机追踪用户的位置并与他人共享数据。
Darren Guccione is the chief executive of U.S.-based internet security company Keeper Security.
达伦·古奇奥内是总部位于美国的互联网安全公司Keeper Security的首席执行官。
He told the AP that many apps, “from fitness tracking to navigation,” can record data signals that show a user’s movements, both physical and digital.
他告诉美联社，许多应用程序“从健身追踪到导航”，都能记录显示用户行踪的数据信号，无论是物理行踪还是数字行踪。
Guccione’s advice to users is to “turn on location tracking only when necessary, such as during navigation, emergencies or sharing updates with trusted contacts…” He adds that after this kind of necessary tracking is complete, users should immediately turn off location tracking.
古乔内给用户的建议是：“只在必要时开启位置跟踪，比如导航、紧急情况或与可信联系人共享动态时……”他补充说，这类必要的跟踪完成后，用户应立即关闭位置跟踪。
Identify your app permissions
识别你的应用权限
One step to limit smartphone tracking is to identify and change app permission settings.
限制智能手机追踪的一个步骤是识别并更改应用权限设置。
To do this, iPhone users can first go to the device’s Privacy & Security settings.
为此，iPhone用户可以首先进入设备的隐私与安全设置。
Then go to Location Services to check settings for individual apps.
然后前往“定位服务”检查各个应用的设置。
Internet security experts say it is not a good idea to let apps always use your location in the background.
互联网安全专家表示，让应用程序始终在后台使用你的位置信息并非明智之举。
Instead, get the app to either ask first before using your location, or use it only when the app is open.
相反，让应用在使用你的位置信息前先询问，或者仅在该应用打开时才使用。
A user can also choose the setting that never lets an app track location.
用户还可以选择永不允许应用追踪位置的设置。
The process works a little differently for Android phones because manufacturers have different versions.
这个过程在安卓手机上略有不同，因为各制造商的版本各异。
In general, Android users should go to settings.
一般来说，安卓用户应该去设置里操作。
Then go to Location to turn the setting on or off for all apps.
然后前往“位置”为所有应用开启或关闭该设置。
Ad trackers
广告跟踪器
To avoid being tracked by advertising systems, privacy experts suggest that users block advertising identifiers on Android or Apple devices.
为了避免被广告系统追踪，隐私专家建议用户在安卓或苹果设备上屏蔽广告标识符。
This can stop third parties from tracking ads to target users.
这可以阻止第三方通过追踪广告来定位用户。
To do this, iPhone users can go to the Privacy setting, then find Apple Advertising.
为此，iPhone用户可以前往隐私设置，然后找到Apple广告。
Then turn off Personalized Ads.
然后关闭个性化广告。
On newer Android phones, users should go to the Privacy setting, then to Ads, and choose Delete Advertising ID.
在较新的安卓手机上，用户应进入隐私设置，然后选择广告，再选择删除广告ID。
Check your Google account
检查你的谷歌账户
Along with app permissions for your device, security experts say it is a good idea to look closely at your Google account to make sure it is not tracking you.
除了设备的应用权限外，安全专家建议仔细检查你的谷歌账户，确保它没有在追踪你。
To find this out, go to myaccount.google.com and find Data & Privacy.
要查明这一点，请访问myaccount.google.com并找到“数据与隐私”。
Users can find Location History controls there.
用户可以在那里找到位置历史记录控制选项。
Under recent changes, the history will be removed after three months although users can change that setting as well.
根据最近的变更，历史记录将在三个月后被删除，不过用户也可以更改这一设置。
How to use web browsers
如何使用网络浏览器
Popular web browsers for smartphones – like Safari or Chrome – could also give away location information.
智能手机上流行的网络浏览器——如Safari或Chrome——也可能泄露位置信息。
Try using one that does not store your data.
尝试使用一个不会存储你数据的。
Such browsers include DuckDuckGo, Firefox Focus or Ecosia.
这类浏览器包括DuckDuckGo、Firefox Focus或Ecosia。
If a privacy-protected browser needs to identify your location through an IP address, it will ask first before doing so.
如果隐私保护浏览器需要通过IP地址识别你的位置，它会先征求你的同意。
These kinds of browsers will also let users easily remove internet cookies and other web browsing data.
这类浏览器还允许用户轻松删除互联网Cookie和其他网页浏览数据。
Find my device
查找我的设备
Phones or tablets can also be tracked with Apple's Find My or Google's Find My Device services designed to recover lost devices.
手机或平板电脑也可以通过苹果的“查找我的”或谷歌的“查找我的设备”服务进行追踪，这些服务旨在找回丢失的设备。
Users can turn this tool off if they think someone was able to take control of their Apple or Google account and is using it for tracking.
如果用户认为有人控制了自己的苹果或谷歌账户并利用其进行追踪，可以关闭此工具。
Block the signal
屏蔽信号
Some cybersecurity websites advise using a smartphone’s Airplane Mode to block tracking operations.
一些网络安全网站建议使用智能手机的飞行模式来阻止跟踪操作。
But some experts say this does not always turn off all tracking signals.
但一些专家表示，这并不总能关闭所有的追踪信号。
Users should not depend on this setting alone to block data collection.
用户不应仅依赖此设置来阻止数据收集。
A better tool in many situations would be a signal-blocking Faraday bag.
在许多情况下，更好的工具是信号屏蔽的法拉第袋。
These block all wireless signals to the smartphone.
这些会阻断所有通往智能手机的无线信号。
Experts suggest testing the bag to make sure data is actually being blocked.
专家建议对包进行测试，以确保数据确实被屏蔽了。
While such bags can be helpful, devices kept inside the containers cannot be used.
虽然这类包很有用，但放在容器内的设备无法使用。
I’m Bryan Lynn.
我是布莱恩·林恩。
The Associated Press reported this story.
美联社报道了这一事件。
Bryan Lynn adapted the report for VOA Learning English.
布莱恩·林恩为VOA英语学习频道改编了这份报告。
