应用与申请
📖 逐句对照翻译
This week on Ask a Teacher, we answer a question from Krystyna in Poland.
本周的《问老师》节目中，我们回答来自波兰的Krystyna提出的问题。
Here is Krystyna’s question:
这是克里斯蒂娜的问题：
Dear Teacher, I would like to know of different ways to use words such as “apply” and “application” for getting jobs or other purposes.
亲爱的老师，我想了解“apply”和“application”等词在求职或其他用途中的不同用法。
Thank you, Krystyna.
谢谢你，克里斯蒂娜。
I’m happy to answer this question, Krystyna.
我很乐意回答这个问题，Krystyna。
The word “apply” is a verb, and the word “application” is a noun.
单词“apply”是动词，而单词“application”是名词。
We can use both words when discussing the process of looking for a job.
在讨论找工作的过程时，这两个词我们都可以使用。
We say we “apply for a job” when we go through the official process of asking an employer for work.
当我们通过正式流程向雇主求职时，我们会说“apply for a job”。
To do this, we usually have to complete a job application.
为了做到这一点，我们通常需要完成一份求职申请。
The application is a form, either online or on paper, that gives the employer information about the person applying for the job.
申请表是一种表格，无论是在线填写还是纸质形式，都用于向雇主提供求职申请人的相关信息。
We commonly use the phrasal verb “fill out” to express the act of completing an application.
我们通常使用短语动词“fill out”来表达填写申请表的动作。
Consider the following examples:
考虑以下示例：
You must fill out this application first.
你必须先填写这份申请表。
Did you fill out the application?
你填好申请表了吗？
While we say “apply for” when trying to get a job, we say “apply to” when we are trying to get accepted into a school or other program, as in the following example:
当我们要找工作时，我们会说“apply for”，而当我们试图被学校或其他项目录取时，我们会说“apply to”，如下例所示：
She applied to three medical schools in California.
她申请了加利福尼亚州的三所医学院。
However, we say “apply for” when we are trying to get financial aid or special awards.
然而，当我们试图获得经济援助或特殊奖励时，我们会说“apply for”。
The expression “apply to” also has another meaning.
“apply to”这个表达还有另一个意思。
It can mean that something relates to something else, or that something is true for all people or things.
它可以表示某事物与另一事物相关，或者某事物对所有人都或所有事物都适用。
Listen to the following examples:
听下面的例子：
The new rule only applies to people who work more than 40 hours each week.
新规定仅适用于每周工作时间超过40小时的人群。
The right of freedom of speech should apply to all citizens.
言论自由的权利应适用于所有公民。
The word “application” has other meanings besides a form people fill out.
“application”这个词除了指人们填写的表格外，还有其他含义。
Among these is a computer program that does a specific task, or kind of work.
其中之一是执行特定任务或工作的计算机程序。
From this meaning, we get the term “Apps,” which we use in our smartphones and computers.
从这个含义中，我们得到了“Apps”这个术语，它在我们的智能手机和电脑中被广泛使用。
There also is another expression with the verb “apply.”
动词“apply”还有另一种表达方式。
If you “apply yourself,” that means that you are working hard over a period of time to complete a project or develop a skill.
如果你“专心致志”，那就意味着你在一段时间内努力工作以完成一个项目或发展一项技能。
For our readers and listeners, what are your questions about American English?
对于我们的读者和听众，你们对美国英语有什么疑问吗？
Are you applying yourself to your study of English?
你在努力学英语吗？
We want to hear from you!
我们期待您的来信！
Send us an email at learningenglish@voanews.com.
请发送电子邮件至learningenglish@voanews.com。
And please let us know where you are from, too.
也请告诉我们你来自哪里。
And that’s Ask a Teacher.
以上就是“问老师”栏目的全部内容。
I’m Andrew Smith.
我是安德鲁·史密斯。
Andrew Smith wrote this lesson for VOA Learning English.
安德鲁·史密斯为VOA英语学习频道撰写了这节课。
