新西兰承认一座山为法人
📖 逐句对照翻译
New Zealand’s parliament recently passed a law that gives a mountain all the rights and responsibilities of a human being.
新西兰议会最近通过了一项法律，赋予一座山与人类同等的权利和责任。
The indigenous Māori people of New Zealand consider the mountain their ancestor.
新西兰的原住民毛利人将这座山视为他们的祖先。
The mountain is now known by its Māori name, Taranaki Maunga.
这座山现在以其毛利语名称塔拉纳基山而闻名。
The Māori people of New Zealand represent about 15 percent of the country’s population.
新西兰的毛利人约占全国人口的15%。
Taranaki Maunga is a dormant volcano on New Zealand’s North Island.
塔拉纳基山是新西兰北岛的一座休眠火山。
Snow covers the top of the 2,516-meter-high mountain.
积雪覆盖着这座海拔2516米的山峰顶部。
It is a popular place for tourism, hiking and snow sports.
它是一个受欢迎的旅游、徒步旅行和雪上运动的地方。
The legal recognition of the mountain is one of the steps New Zealand’s government has taken to make up for harm the indigenous population suffered in the past.
这座山获得法律承认，是新西兰政府为弥补原住民过去所受伤害而采取的举措之一。
The new law makes it known that the Taranaki area was stolen from the Māori after New Zealand was colonized.
新法律表明，新西兰沦为殖民地后，塔拉纳基地区是从毛利人手中偷走的。
The new law gives Taranaki Maunga all the rights, powers, duties, responsibilities and liabilities of a person.
新法律赋予塔拉纳基山以人的所有权利、权力、职责、责任和义务。
The law says a newly created group will be “the face and voice” of the mountain.
法律规定，新成立的团体将成为这座山的“形象与声音”。
Four members from local Māori tribes and four members appointed by the country's conservation minister will be in the group.
来自当地毛利部落的四名成员以及由国家保护部长任命的两名成员将加入该小组。
Paul Goldsmith is the lawmaker responsible for the legal settlements between the government and Māori tribes.
保罗·戈德史密斯是负责政府与毛利部落之间法律和解的议员。
In a speech to Parliament, he said, “The mountain has long been an honored ancestor, a source of physical, cultural and spiritual sustenance and a final resting place.
在向议会发表的演讲中，他说：“这座山长期以来一直是被尊崇的祖先，是物质、文化和精神寄托的来源，也是最终的安息之地。
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Britain colonized New Zealand in the 1700s and 1800s.
英国在18世纪和19世纪将新西兰变为其殖民地。
In 1770, the British explorer Captain James Cook named the volcano Mount Egmont.
1770年，英国探险家詹姆斯·库克船长将这座火山命名为埃格蒙特山。
In 1840, Māori tribes and representatives of the British government signed the Treaty of Waitangi.
1840年，毛利人部落与英国政府代表签署了《怀唐伊条约》。
The treaty promised the Māori would keep the rights to their land and resources.
该条约承诺毛利人将保留对其土地和资源的权利。
However, the British government began breaking parts of the treaty after that.
然而，英国政府在那之后开始违反条约的部分内容。
In 1865, the government took a large area of Taranaki land, including the mountain, to punish the Māori for rebelling against British rule.
1865年，政府没收了塔拉纳基的大片土地，包括这座山，以惩罚毛利人反抗英国统治。
Over the next one hundred years, hunting and sports groups helped oversee how the land was used, but the Māori did not.
在接下来的一百年里，狩猎和体育团体协助监管土地的使用方式，但毛利人却没有参与其中。
Goldsmith told the Associated Press that, in the past, Māori customs connected to the mountain were banned while the government supported tourism in the area.
戈德史密斯告诉美联社，过去，与这座山有关的毛利习俗被禁止，而政府却支持该地区的旅游业。
The Māori protest movement of the 1970s and 1980s led to increased recognition of the Māori language, culture and rights in New Zealand’s law.
20世纪70年代和80年代的毛利人抗议运动促使新西兰法律更加承认毛利人的语言、文化和权利。
This has included billions of dollars to pay for the harm caused by breaking the Treaty of Waitangi.
这包括用于赔偿因违反《怀唐伊条约》所造成的损害的数十亿美元。
The mountain's legal rights are in place to support its health and wellbeing.
这座山的法律权利旨在保障其健康与福祉。
The law will support traditional uses of the land and calls for conservation work to protect the native wildlife.
该法律将支持土地的传统用途，并呼吁开展保护工作以保护本土野生动物。
The mountain will remain open to the public.
这座山将继续对公众开放。
Are other landforms considered people?
其他地貌也被视为人吗？
New Zealand was the first country in the world to recognize landforms as people.
新西兰是世界上第一个将地貌视为人的国家。
In 2014, a law gave personhood to Te Urewera, a large forest on the North Island.
2014年，一项法律赋予了北岛大片森林特乌雷瓦拉以法人地位。
Government ownership ended and the Tūhoe tribe became its guardian.
政府所有权终止，图霍伊部落成为其守护者。
And in 2017, New Zealand recognized the Whanganui River as a human, as part of a settlement with the tribe connected to the river.
2017年，新西兰在与这条河相关的部落达成和解的过程中，承认旺格努伊河具有人权。
All 123 lawmakers in Parliament supported the new law for Taranaki Maunga.
议会中全部123名议员都支持针对塔拉纳基山的这项新法律。
The unity of the vote was a change from recent disagreements in New Zealand about proposed changes to the Treaty of Waitangi itself.
此次投票的一致性与新西兰近期就《怀唐伊条约》本身拟议修改所产生的分歧形成鲜明对比。
In November, about 40,000 people marched to Parliament to protest a new law with proposed changes to the treaty.
11月，约4万人游行至议会，抗议一项拟对条约进行修改的新法律。
The protesters said the new law would take away Māori rights and harm the progress that has been made during the last 50 years.
抗议者表示，新法律将剥夺毛利人的权利，并损害过去50年来取得的进步。
Most officials do not expect the bill with the proposed changes to become law.
大多数官员预计，包含拟议修改的法案不会成为法律。
I’m Andrew Smith.
我是安德鲁·史密斯。
Charlotte Graham-McLay wrote this story for The Associated Press.
夏洛特·格雷厄姆-麦克莱为美联社撰写了这篇报道。
Andrew Smith adapted it for VOA Learning English.
安德鲁·史密斯为VOA英语学习频道改编了它。
