剩余的、余数和其余的
📖 逐句对照翻译
This week on Ask a Teacher, we answer a question from Ann.
在本周的《问老师》节目中，我们回答安提出的一个问题。
Here is part of Ann’s question:
以下是安的问题的一部分：
Dear Teachers, I don't really understand the difference between "remaining," "remainder" and "rest" when using these words to describe what is left of something.
亲爱的老师们，当用“remaining”、“remainder”和“rest”来描述某物的剩余部分时，我不太明白它们之间的区别。
For example, . . . can I replace "the remaining countries" by "the remain" or "the rest"?
例如，……我可以用“the remain”或“the rest”来替换“the remaining countries”吗？
Thank you, Ann.
谢谢你，安。
I’m happy to answer this question, Ann.
我很乐意回答这个问题，安。
English has many words that share the same meaning or that are close in meaning.
英语中有许多单词意思相同或意思相近。
So, you might wonder why we usually use one word instead of another that is very similar to it.
所以，你可能会好奇，为什么我们通常使用一个词而不是另一个与它非常相似的词。
We often use one word instead of another because of grammar.
我们经常因为语法而用一个词代替另一个词。
Let’s look at how this works by considering the last part of your question.
让我们通过考虑你问题的最后一部分来看看这是如何运作的。
You asked:
你问：
can I replace "the remaining countries" by "the remain" or "the rest"?
我可以用“the remain”或“the rest”来替换“the remaining countries”吗？
The answer is no.
答案是“不”。
That’s because the word “remain” is a verb, and the term “the rest” is a quantifier.
那是因为“remain”这个词是动词，而“the rest”则是一个量词。
To describe the word “countries,” we need to use an adjective.
为了描述“countries”这个词，我们需要使用一个形容词。
The -ing ending on the word “remaining” makes it an adjective when we place it before a noun.
当“remaining”一词以-ing结尾并置于名词前时，它就变成了形容词。
If you want to use the words “the rest” to describe a noun, you need to use four words.
如果你想用“the rest”来描述一个名词，你需要用四个单词。
These four words are “the rest of the.”
这四个词是“the rest of the”。
These four words mean the same thing as the two words “the remaining.”
这四个词与“the remaining”这两个词意思相同。
The following example shows this:
下面的例子说明了这一点：
The rest of the countries use more land for farming.
其余国家将更多土地用于农业。
Now let’s look at the first part of your question:
现在我们来看你问题的第一部分：
I don't really understand the difference between "remaining," "remainder" and "rest" when using these words to describe what is left of something.
当用“remaining”、“remainder”和“rest”这些词来描述某物的剩余部分时，我不太明白它们之间的区别。
The word “remainder” is a noun, but when we use it to describe what is left of something, we change it to a quantifier.
“remainder”这个词是名词，但当我们用它来描述某物剩余的部分时，我们就把它变成了量词。
To do this, we usually say or write the four words “the remainder of the.”
为此，我们通常会说或写下“the remainder of the”这四个词。
In this way, it works the same way as the quantifier “the rest of the.”
这样，它的作用与量词“the rest of the”相同。
However, we use the quantifier “the rest of the” much more often, especially in spoken English, than “the remainder of the.”
然而，我们使用量词“the rest of the”的频率要比“the remainder of the”高得多，尤其是在英语口语中。
Also, you should know that as a noun, “the remainder” is a term used in mathematics.
另外，你应该知道作为名词，“the remainder”是数学中的一个术语。
It can mean the decimal fraction that remains when one number is divided by another number that is not one of its factors.
它可以表示当一个数除以不是其因数的另一个数时留下的十进制小数。
For example, six-tenths, or .6, is the remainder when 33 is divided by five.
例如，33除以5的余数是十分之六，即0.6。
It can also be what is left over from the process of subtraction.
它也可以是减法过程后的剩余部分。
For our readers and listeners, what are your questions about American English?
对于我们的读者和听众，你们对美国英语有什么疑问吗？
We want to hear from you!
我们期待您的来信！
Send us an email at learningenglish@voanews.com.
请发送电子邮件至learningenglish@voanews.com。
And please let us know where you are from, too.
也请告诉我们你来自哪里。
And that’s Ask a Teacher.
以上就是“问老师”栏目的全部内容。
I’m Andrew Smith.
我是安德鲁·史密斯。
Andrew Smith wrote this lesson for VOA Learning English.
安德鲁·史密斯为VOA英语学习频道撰写了这节课。
