研究人员：女性家庭关系对社会网络至关重要
📖 逐句对照翻译
A recent study suggests that female family ties were central to social networks in ancient Celtic society before the Roman invasion.
一项最新研究表明，在罗马入侵之前，女性家族纽带在古代凯尔特社会的社交网络中占据核心地位。
Genetic evidence from a late Iron Age cemetery in Britain shows that women were closely related.
来自英国铁器时代晚期墓地的基因证据显示，女性之间有着密切的亲缘关系。
At the same time, unrelated men were more likely to come into the community from other places, likely after marriage.
与此同时，与社区无关的男性更有可能从其他地方迁入，这很可能是在婚后。
For the study, researchers examined ancient DNA from 57 burial places in Dorset in southwestern England.
在这项研究中，研究人员检测了英格兰西南部多塞特郡57个墓葬地的古DNA。
People used the cemetery from around 2100 years ago to around 1800 years ago.
人们在大约2100年前至1800年前使用了这片墓地。
The results showed that two-thirds of the individuals descended from a single maternal lineage.
结果显示，三分之二的个体源自同一母系血统。
Lara Cassidy of Trinity College Dublin was one of the study’s co-writers.
都柏林圣三一学院的拉拉·卡西迪是该研究的合著者之一。
Cassidy suggested to the Associated Press (AP) that the results were surprising, or in her words, “jaw-dropping.”
卡西迪向美联社表示，这一结果令人惊讶，用她的话来说，简直是“令人瞠目结舌”。
She said that such a finding had “never been observed before in European prehistory.”
她说，这样的发现在“欧洲史前时期从未出现过”。
The study appeared recently in the scientific publication Nature.
这项研究最近发表在科学出版物《自然》上。
The research suggests that women stayed in the same circles throughout life.
研究表明，女性一生中都待在相同的圈子里。
They kept social networks and likely inherited or managed land and property.
他们经营社交网络，并很可能继承或管理了土地和财产。
Cassidy told the AP that the findings suggest, “it’s your husband who is coming in as a relative stranger, dependent on a wife’s family for land and livelihood.”
卡西迪告诉美联社，这些发现表明，“是你的丈夫作为一个相对陌生的人来到这里，依赖妻子的家庭获得土地和生计。”
Such a way of living is called matrilocality.
这种居住方式被称为从母居制。
The researchers said it is historically rare.
研究人员表示，这种情况在历史上很罕见。
Guido Gnecchi-Ruscone is with the Max Planck Institute in Germany.
圭多·涅基-鲁斯科内就职于德国马克斯·普朗克研究所。
Gnecchi-Ruscone was not part of the study.
Gnecchi-Ruscone没有参与这项研究。
He said researchers studying burial places in Britain and Europe have only discovered the opposite behavior.
他说，研究英国和欧洲墓葬的研究人员只发现了相反的行为。
He said in those communities, women left their homes and families to join their husband’s family group.
他说，在那些社区里，女性离开自己的家庭，加入丈夫的家族群体。
He said such a way of living, known as patrilocality, has been observed in other ancient time periods.
他说，这种被称为从父居的生活方式在其他古代时期也曾出现过。
These include the Neolithic period which started more than 10,000 years ago to the early Medieval period more than 1000 years in the past.
这些时期包括一万多年前开始的新石器时代，直至一千多年前的早期中世纪时期。
Cassidy said in studies of pre-industrial societies from around 220 years ago to the present, researchers found that men join their wives’ extended family households only eight percent of the time.
卡西迪表示，在从大约220年前到现在的工业化前社会研究中，研究人员发现，男性加入妻子大家庭的比例仅为8%。
But researchers already knew there was something special about the role of women in Iron Age Britain.
但研究人员早已知道，铁器时代英国女性的角色有其特殊之处。
A group of tribes with closely related languages and art that is often described as Celtic lived in England before the Roman invasion about 2000 years ago.
大约2000年前，在罗马人入侵之前，一群语言和艺术密切相关、常被描述为凯尔特人的部落生活在英格兰。
Valuable objects have been found buried with Celtic women.
与凯尔特女性一同埋葬的珍贵物品已被发现。
Roman writers, including Julius Caesar, wrote with disrespect about their relative independence and fighting abilities.
包括尤利乌斯·恺撒在内的罗马作家，在描述他们的相对独立性和战斗能力时，笔触间缺乏尊重。
The network of strong female family connections that the researchers found does not necessarily mean that women also held official positions of political power.
研究人员发现的这种强大的女性家庭关系网络，并不一定意味着女性也担任了正式的政治权力职位。
Study co-writer Miles Russell of Bournemouth University in England researches ancient societies.
研究报告的合著者、英国伯恩茅斯大学的迈尔斯·拉塞尔研究古代社会。
He said the findings do suggest that women had some control of land and property and strong social support.
他说，研究结果确实表明，女性对土地和财产有一定的控制权，并且拥有强大的社会支持。
Such a situation made Britain’s Celtic society more “egalitarian” than the Roman world, Russell said.
拉塞尔说，这种情况使得英国的凯尔特社会比罗马世界更加“平等主义”。
I’m John Russell.
我是约翰·拉塞尔。
Christina Larson reported on this story for the Associated Press.
克里斯蒂娜·拉森为美联社报道了这一事件。
John Russell adapted it for VOA Learning English.
约翰·拉塞尔为VOA英语学习频道改编了它。
