Most和Almost
📖 逐句对照翻译
Hello!
你好！
This week on Ask a Teacher, we answer a question from Paola in Bolivia about the usage of the words “most” and “almost.
本周的《问老师》节目中，我们回答来自玻利维亚的宝拉提出的关于“most”和“almost”这两个词用法的问题。
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Question
问题
Dear teacher,
亲爱的老师，
I am having some confusion about the words “most” and “almost.”
我对“most”和“almost”这两个词有些困惑。
Sometimes they seem like the same to me, and I wish to know how they can be different.
有时它们在我看来似乎是一样的，我想知道它们怎么会不同。
Thank you,
谢谢，
Answer
回答
I’m happy to answer this question, Paola.
Paola，我很乐意回答这个问题。
The word “almost” is an adverb.
“almost”这个词是副词。
The word “most” can be an adjective, adverb, or quantifier.
“most”这个词可以是形容词、副词或量词。
A quantifier is a word that describes how much of something there is.
量词是描述某物有多少的词。
The words “more,” “some,” and “all” are other examples of quantifiers.
“more”、“some”和“all”是量词的其他例子。
As a quantifier, “most” simply means a majority of a group or the largest part of something.
作为量词，“most”仅仅表示一个群体中的大多数或某事物的最大部分。
However, the phrase “almost all of” means nearly all of something, such as 90 percent or more.
然而，“almost all of”这个短语表示某事物的几乎全部，例如90%或更多。
When to use the preposition “of”
何时使用介词“of”
Some English learners have difficulty knowing when to use the preposition “of” with the words “most” or “almost.”
一些英语学习者在何时将介词“of”与“most”或“almost”连用方面存在困难。
We cannot put the preposition “of” directly after the adverb “almost”.
我们不能把介词“of”直接放在副词“almost”之后。
Instead, we must use the two words “all of” after “almost” to describe a noun, as in this example:
相反，我们必须在“almost”后面加上“all of”这两个词来描述名词，如下例所示：
Almost all of the children who got sick felt better within 48 hours.
几乎所有生病的孩子都在48小时内感觉好多了。
When we use the word “most” as an adjective, we can simply put a noun directly after it when we are describing something in general, as in this example:
当我们将“most”这个词用作形容词时，如果是在泛指某事物，我们可以直接在它后面加名词，就像这个例子一样：
Most children enjoy playing games.
大多数孩子喜欢玩游戏。
However, we use the preposition “of” after the adjective “most” when we describe something specific.
然而，当我们描述特定事物时，会在形容词“most”后使用介词“of”。
The following two examples show this:
以下两个例子说明了这一点：
Most of the children in his class enjoy playing this game.
他班上大多数孩子都喜欢玩这个游戏。
Most of his friends live in the city.
他的大多数朋友都住在城里。
More uses of most and almost
most和almost的更多用法
The adverb “almost” means “very nearly or very close.”
副词“almost”的意思是“非常接近或几乎”。
For example, if you have a job to do that takes an hour to finish and you have already worked 55 minutes, you can say:
例如，如果你有一项工作需要一小时完成，而你已经工作了55分钟，你可以说：
I am almost finished.
我快完成了。
As an adverb, the word “most” can describe another adjective, as in this example:
作为副词，“most”一词可以用来修饰另一个形容词，如下例所示：
That was the most beautiful sunset I have seen in a long time.
那是我很久以来见过的最美的日落。
We sometimes use “most” -- without the word “the” -- as an adverb after any form of the verb “be.”
我们有时会将“most”——不带“the”——用作副词，置于动词“be”的任何形式之后。
The thing I’m most worried about is her health.
我最担心的是她的健康。
Note, however, that we also often use the word “the” before “most.”
然而，请注意，我们也经常在“most”前使用“the”这个词。
The thing I’m the most worried about is her health.
我最担心的是她的健康。
For our readers and listeners, what are your questions about American English?
对于我们的读者和听众，你们对美国英语有什么疑问吗？
We’d like to hear from you.
我们期待您的来信。
Send us an email at learningenglish@voanews.com.
请发送电子邮件至learningenglish@voanews.com。
And please include where you are from in your email, too.
并且请在邮件中也注明你来自哪里。
And that’s Ask a Teacher.
以上就是“问老师”栏目的全部内容。
I’m Andrew Smith.
我是安德鲁·史密斯。
Andrew Smith wrote this lesson for VOA Learning English.
安德鲁·史密斯为VOA英语学习频道撰写了这节课。
