高效艾滋病药物将以低成本向贫困国家提供
📖 逐句对照翻译
A yearly two-shot treatment shown to be highly effective in preventing HIV infections is to be offered at low cost to people in 120 poor nations.
一种每年两次的治疗方案已被证明在预防HIV感染方面非常有效，将以低成本提供给120个贫困国家的人们。
Experts have called the treatment the closest the world has ever come to developing a vaccine against HIV.
专家称，这种疗法是世界迄今为止最接近研制出HIV疫苗的成果。
HIV stands for human immunodeficiency virus.
HIV代表人类免疫缺陷病毒。
It is an infection that destroys cells of a person’s immune system and makes it difficult for them to fight off diseases.
这是一种感染，它会破坏人体免疫系统的细胞，使其难以抵御疾病。
The HIV virus can progress to the related disease AIDS.
HIV病毒可能发展为相关疾病艾滋病。
The World Health Organization (WHO) explains that AIDS is a term used to describe “the most advanced stages of HIV infection.”
世界卫生组织（WHO）解释说，艾滋病是一个用来描述“艾滋病病毒感染最晚期阶段”的术语。
American-based drugmaker Gilead is the developer of the medication, called lenacapavir.
总部位于美国的制药公司吉利德是这种名为来那卡帕韦的药物的研发者。
The drug is already sold under the name Sunlenca to treat HIV infections in the U.S., Canada, Europe and elsewhere.
该药物已以Sunlenca为名在美国、加拿大、欧洲及其他地区销售，用于治疗HIV感染。
But Gilead plans to seek approval soon for the medication to be used to prevent HIV infection.
但吉利德计划很快申请批准该药物用于预防HIV感染。
Studies have shown the twice-yearly injection was 100 percent effective in preventing HIV infections in a study of women.
研究表明，在针对女性的研究中，这种一年注射两次的针剂在预防HIV感染方面百分之百有效。
And another recent study found the drug worked nearly as well in men.
而另一项近期研究发现，该药物对男性的效果几乎同样显著。
Winnie Byanyima is the executive director of UNAIDS.
温妮·拜安伊玛是联合国艾滋病规划署执行主任。
She told The Associated Press that the shots had worked so well, she sees them as an “unprecedented” treatment.
她告诉美联社，这些针剂效果非常好，她认为这是一种“前所未有的”治疗方法。
Byanyima praised Gilead for developing the drug.
拜anyima赞扬吉利德公司研发了这种药物。
But she noted that the world’s ability to stop HIV/AIDS also depends on its use in at-risk countries.
但她指出，世界能否遏制艾滋病毒/艾滋病，也取决于其在高风险国家的应用。
Gilead has said it plans to offer low-cost, generic versions of lenacapavir for sale in numerous poor countries with high HIV rates.
吉利德表示，计划在众多艾滋病毒感染率高的贫困国家销售低成本的来那卡帕韦仿制药。
These are mostly in Africa, Southeast Asia and the Caribbean.
这些主要分布在非洲、东南亚和加勒比地区。
However, the company does not plan on launching the drug in most of Latin America.
然而，该公司并不计划在拉丁美洲的大部分地区推出该药物。
HIV infection rates are far lower in Latin America than Gilead’s targeted countries.
拉丁美洲的HIV感染率远低于吉利德所针对的国家。
But critics of the drug company’s deployment plans say HIV in these countries is increasing.
但批评该制药公司部署计划的人士指出，这些国家的HIV感染率正在上升。
So several groups have called on Gilead to reconsider its plans to include sales in Latin America.
因此，多个团体呼吁吉利德重新考虑其在拉丁美洲纳入销售的计划。
In a recent report, the United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS, UNAIDS, noted the number of AIDS death last year — an estimated 630,000 — was the lowest since 2004, when AIDS deaths were at their highest.
联合国艾滋病规划署在最近的一份报告中指出，去年死于艾滋病的人数约为63万人，是自2004年艾滋病死亡人数达到最高峰以来的最低水平。
The organization suggested the decreasing numbers mean the world is now at “a historic crossroads,” with a chance to end the epidemic.
该组织表示，数量下降意味着世界正处于“历史性的十字路口”，有机会终结这一流行病。
There are other methods to protect against HIV infection.
还有其他方法可以预防HIV感染。
These include condoms, daily pills and bi-monthly shots.
这些包括避孕套、每日药片和每两月一次的注射剂。
But experts say the Gilead twice-yearly shots would be especially useful for underrepresented groups.
但专家表示，吉利德一年两次的注射剂对代表性不足的群体尤其有用。
These could include people fearful of seeking care, including gay men, sex workers and young women.
这些人群可能包括害怕寻求医疗帮助的人，如男同性恋者、性工作者和年轻女性。
Byanyima told the AP, the treatment “would be a miracle for these groups because it means they just have to show up twice a year at a clinic and then they’re protected.”
拜anyima告诉美联社，这种治疗“对这些群体来说将是一个奇迹，因为这意味着他们只需每年去两次诊所，然后就能得到保护。”
A collection of 15 activist groups – in Peru, Argentina, Ecuador, Chile, Guatemala and Colombia – recently wrote to Gilead to voice their concerns.
最近，来自秘鲁、阿根廷、厄瓜多尔、智利、危地马拉和哥伦比亚的15个活动组织团体联合致信吉利德公司表达他们的担忧。
They are asking for the generic version to be made available in Latin America.
他们要求将通用版本引入拉丁美洲。
They say there is “alarming” inequity there in providing new HIV prevention tools with infection rates rising.
他们说，随着感染率上升，在提供新的艾滋病预防工具方面存在“令人担忧的”不平等现象。
Countries including Norway, France, Spain and the U.S. have been paying more than $40,000 per year for Sunlenca.
包括挪威、法国、西班牙和美国在内的多个国家每年为Sunlenca支付超过4万美元。
But experts have said it could be produced for as little as $40 a treatment once generic production expands.
但专家表示，一旦仿制药生产扩大，每疗程的生产成本可能低至40美元。
In a statement, Gilead said it has “an ongoing commitment to help enable access to HIV prevention and treatment options where the need is the greatest.”
吉利德在一份声明中表示，公司“一直致力于在需求最迫切的地方帮助人们获得艾滋病病毒预防和治疗方案”。
Among the 120 countries approved for the generic version are 18 mostly African nations that make up about 70 percent of the world’s HIV cases.
在获批生产该仿制药的120个国家中，有18个主要是非洲国家，这些国家约占全球艾滋病病例的70%。
The drugmaker said it is also working to establish “fast, efficient pathways to reach all people who need or want lenacapavir for HIV prevention.”
该制药商表示，它还在努力建立“快速、高效的途径，以覆盖所有需要或希望使用来那卡帕韦进行HIV预防的人群”。
Dr. Chris Beyrer is the director of the Global Health Institute at Duke University in North Carolina.
克里斯·贝雷尔博士是北卡罗来纳州杜克大学全球健康研究所的所长。
He said it will be greatly useful to have the Gilead shots available in the hardest-hit countries in Africa and Asia.
他说，在非洲和亚洲受疫情影响最严重的国家提供吉利德的药物将大有裨益。
But he added that rising HIV rates among groups including gay men and transgender populations represents “a public health emergency” in Latin America.
但他补充说，包括男同性恋者和跨性别人群在内的群体中艾滋病毒感染率上升，这代表着拉丁美洲的“一场公共卫生紧急事件”。
I’m Bryan Lynn.
我是布莱恩·林恩。
The Associated Press reported this story.
美联社报道了这一事件。
Bryan Lynn adapted the report for VOA Learning English.
布莱恩·林恩为VOA英语学习频道改编了这份报告。
